Hoʻohana ʻia nā kānana ʻeke a me nā kānana pahu pahu no nā ʻano noi like ʻole, mai nā kaʻina hana ʻoihana i ka wai
lapaʻau a me ka hoʻohana home.ʻO kekahi mau laʻana maʻamau:
Nā kānana pahu pahu: kānana wai e komo i ka home a i ʻole kahi kānana aila kaʻa
Nā kānana ʻeke: ʻeke ʻeke hoʻomaʻemaʻe
Kānana ʻeke
Ua wehewehe ʻia nā kānana ʻeke ma ke ʻano he kānana lole i hoʻolālā mua ʻia e wehe i nā mea ʻala mai
wai wai.Nā kānana ʻekeʻaʻole ʻoʻoleʻa, hoʻopau ʻia, a maʻalahi ke hoʻololi.
Loaʻa nā kānana ʻeke i loko o kahi ipu kaomi.
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā kānana ʻeke i kēlā me kēia a i ʻole ma ke ʻano he mau ʻeke i loko o ka moku.
Kahe mau ka wai mai loko o ka ʻeke a i waho.
ʻO ka noi mua no nā kānana ʻeke i ka mālama wai ʻo ka wehe ʻana i nā oocysts Cryptosporidiuma i ʻole ʻo Giardia cysts mai ka wai puna.Nā kānana ʻekeʻAʻole hoʻoneʻe maʻamau i ka bacteria, virus, a i ʻole colloids maikaʻi.
ʻO Giardia cysts a me Cryptosporidium oocysts he protozoan i loaʻa i ka wai.Hiki iā lākou ke kumuʻO ka maʻi maʻi a me nā pilikia e pili ana i ke olakino inā ʻai ʻia.
ʻAʻole ʻōlelo pinepine ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā coagulants a i ʻole ke kapa mua me nā kānana ʻeke ma hope o ka wehe ʻanaʻO nā mea ʻāpana e pili ana i ka nui o ka pore o ka kānana ma kahi o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kahi papa ma ka ʻili o ka kānana e hoʻonui ai i kona hiki ke wehe.No laila, coagulants a i ʻole ae hoʻonui i ke kāʻei mua ma o ka kānana, pono ke kānana pinepinenā hoʻololi.
Nā noi
ʻOihana
I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka kānana ʻeke a me ka kānana pahu pahu no nā hana ʻoihana ma mua o ka mālama wai.ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻoihana e pili ana i ka kānana wai kaʻina a me ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i nā mea paʻa.
Kaʻina ʻana i ka wai kānana: 'O ka ho'oma'ema'e 'ana i ka wai ma ka wehe 'ana i ka waimea paakiki makemake ole.Loaʻa i nā wai kaʻina hana nā wai i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻomaʻalili a lubricate i nā mea hana.Innā lako mīkini, a i ʻole i ka wā o ka hana ʻana i kahi wai, hiki ke hōʻiliʻili nā mea ʻala.No ka mālamaʻana i ka maʻemaʻe o ka wai, pono e weheʻia nā'āpana.ʻO ka kānana aila i loko o kāu kaʻa he laʻana maikaʻi ia o kahi kānana pahu pahu i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ka maikaʻi o ka wai kaʻina.
Wehe/Hoʻihoʻi Paʻa: ʻO kekahi noi ʻoihana ʻē aʻe i ka hoʻihoʻi paʻa.ʻO ka hoʻōla paʻahana ʻia no ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana i nā mea paʻa i makemake ʻia mai kahi wai a i ʻole e "hoʻomaʻemaʻe" i ka wai ma mua o ka hana ʻanalapaʻau, hoʻohana, a hoʻokuʻu paha.No ka laʻana, e hoʻohana kekahi mau hana mining i ka wai e lawe i kaʻili ʻia nā minerala mai kahi kahua a i kahi kahua.Ma hope o ka hōʻea ʻana o ka slurry i kona wahi i makemake ʻia, kānana ʻia e wehe i ka huahana i makemake ʻia mai ka wai lawe.
Lapaau wai
ʻEkolu mau noi maʻamau no ka kānana ʻeke a i ʻole ka kānana pahu pahu i loko o kahi hale mālama wai.ʻo lākou:
1. Ka kānana ʻana i ka wai ʻili a i ʻole ka wai lepo ma lalo o ka mana o ka wai ʻili.
2. Hoʻopili mua ma mua o ka mālama ʻana ma hope.
3. Ka wehe ʻana i nā mea paʻa.
Ka Hoʻokō ʻana i ka Rule Water Treatment Rule (SWTR): Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā kānana ʻeke a me nā kānana pahu pahuhāʻawi i ka kānana o ka wai ʻili a i ʻole ka wai lepo ma lalo o ka mana o ka wai ʻili.Ma muli o ke ʻano o nā kānana ʻeke a me nā kānana pahu pahu, ua kaupalena ʻia kā lākou noi i nā ʻōnaehana liʻiliʻi me ka wai puna wai kiʻekiʻe.Hoʻohana ʻia nā kānana ʻeke a me nā kānana pahu pahu no:ʻO Giardia cyst a me Cryptosporidium oocyst wehe
ʻOhuehue
Hoʻopili mua: Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā kānana ʻeke a me nā kānana pahu pahu ma ke ʻano he prefilter ma mua o nā kaʻina hana lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻo ia nā ʻōnaehana kānana membrane e hoʻohana ana i kahi ʻeke a i ʻole ka pahu kānana mua e pale i nā membrane mai nā ʻōpala nui i loaʻa i loko o ka wai hānai.
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka ʻeke a i ʻole nā ʻōnaehana kānana pahu pahu he prefilter, kahi kānana hope, a me nā kiwi kūpono, nā ana, nā mika, nā lako meaʻai meaʻai kemika, a me nā mea loiloi pūnaewele.Eia hou, no ka mea, ʻo nā ʻōnaehana kānana ʻeke a me ka pahu pahu he mea hana kikoʻī, e maʻamau kēia mau wehewehe i ke ʻano - ʻokoʻa paha nā ʻōnaehana pākahi mai nā wehewehe i hāʻawi ʻia ma lalo nei.
kānana mua
I mea e hiki ai i kahi kānana ke wehe i nā protozoan parasitic e like me Giardia a me Cryptosporidium, pono e liʻiliʻi loa ka nui o ka pore o nā kānana.No ka mea, aia kekahi mau mea nui ʻē aʻe i loko o ka wai e hānai ʻia ana i kaʻōnaehana kānana, ʻo ka wehe ʻana i kēia mau ʻāpana nui e ka kānana ʻeke a i ʻole ka kānana pahu pahu e hōʻemi loa i ko lākou ola pono.
No ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i kēia pilikia, hana nā mea hana he nui i kā lākou ʻōnaehana me kahi prefilter.Hiki i ka prefilter ke ʻeke a i ʻole ka kānana pahu pahu i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pore ma mua o ka kānana hope.Hoʻopili ka prefilter i nā ʻāpana nui a pale iā lākou mai ka hoʻohui ʻia i ka kānana hope.Hoʻonui kēia i ka nui o ka wai e hiki ke kānana ma o ka kānana hope.
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pore prefilter ma mua o ka kānana hope loa a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kumukūʻai ma mua o ka kānana hope.Kōkua kēia i ka mālama ʻana i nā kumukūʻai hana o kahi ʻeke a ʻōnaehana kānana pahu pahuhaahaa e like me ka hiki.Hoʻoholo ʻia ke alapine o ka hoʻololi prefilter e ka maikaʻi o ka wai hānai.
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi kānana ʻeke ma ka ʻōnaehana kānana pahu pahu a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kānana pahu pahu ma kahi ʻōnaehana kānana ʻeke, akā ma ka maʻamau e hoʻohana ka ʻōnaehana kānana ʻeke i kahi kānana ʻeke a e hoʻohana ka ʻōnaehana kānana pahu i kahi kānana pahu pahu.
Kānana
Ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana, e kahe ka wai i ka kānana hope, ʻoiai e hoʻohana paha kekahi mau ʻōnaehana kānana i nā ʻanuʻu kānana he nui.ʻO ka kānana hope loa ka kānana i manaʻo ʻia e wehe i ka mea hoʻohaumia.
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia kānana ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o kona pore nui a hiki ke hana i nā kaʻina hana koʻikoʻi e hōʻoia i kona hiki ke wehe i ka mea haumia.
Hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻōnaehana kānana ʻeke a me ka pahu pahu ma nā ʻano like ʻole.ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho i koho ʻia ma muli o nā kumu he nui e pili ana i ka maikaʻi o ka wai puna a me ka mana hana i makemake ʻia.
Pūnaehana kānana ʻeke
Hiki ke hele mai nā ʻōnaehana kānana ʻeke ma nā ʻano hoʻonohonoho like ʻole.No kēlā me kēia hoʻonohonoho, pono ka PA DEP i ka hoʻopau piha ʻana i nā pae kānana a pau.
Nā ʻōnaehana kānana hoʻokahi:He mea kakaikahi paha ka ʻōnaehana kānana hoʻokahi i ka mālama waipalapala noi.Hoʻohana ʻia kahi ʻōnaehana kānana hoʻokahi no nā ʻōnaehana liʻiliʻi loa me kahiwai puna wai kiʻekiʻe loa.
Prefilter – Nā ʻōnaehana kānana ma hope:ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho maʻamau paha o aʻōnaehana kānana ʻekeʻo ia ka hui mua kānana - hope kānana.Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi prefilter e wehe i nā ʻāpana nui, hiki ke hoʻemi nui ʻia ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka kānana hope loa a hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ke kumukūʻai nui.
Nā ʻōnaehana kānana lehulehu:Hoʻonoho ʻia nā kānana waena ma waena o ka kānana prefilter a me ka kānana hope.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kēlā me kēia kaʻina kānana ma mua o ka pae mua.
Kānana pūʻulu:Hoʻohana kekahi mau ʻōnaehana kānana ʻeke ma mua o hoʻokahi ʻeke no ka hale kānana.ʻO kēia maui ʻōlelo ʻia he huila kānana.Hāʻawi kēia mau papa kānana i nā kahe kahe kiʻekiʻe a me nā manawa holo lōʻihi ma mua oʻōnaehana me hoʻokahieke no ka hale.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jan-22-2024